Layer 2 is named in this way because it’s designed to operate separately from Layer 1, the base layer in a blockchain.Layer 2 protocols act as an auxiliary framework for processing transactions, which reduces the base layer's workload. That increases the transaction speed of a blockchain network and enhances the system's ability to handle more users.
Layer 2 is designed to operate atop the existing base layer and relieve the main chain of specific tasks. In this case, the base layer may only be responsible for specific functions like security and control. Users can conduct transactions off the main chain, removing the need for a middleman. That means less time spent waiting for miners and faster transaction processing rates.
Sidechains are primarily designed to process large batch transactions. A sidechain has its consensus system, relieving the main chain of some of the work in validating transactions. In this arrangement, the main handles overall security, dispute resolution, and maintenance of records.They record transactions on the public ledger. An attack on a sidechain cannot affect the main chain or other sidechains.
Although a decent solution, tampering with the blockchain’s main architecture may compromise network security.